Cultural Landscapes: Nature And Heritage Interwoven – Cultural landscapes are places where man and nature have achieved harmony. While there are many reasons to be concerned about the state of our planet and how we interact with Mother Earth, there are also many indigenous peoples who have a long history of respect and love. Around the world there are legions of people dedicated to studying and learning from places where humanity and the natural world coexist in a sustainable and co-existing way.
The cultural landscape has long been a passion of University College Dublin’s candidate for World Heritage, Leanna Wigboldos. A lover of culture, history and heritage, Leanna is a contributor to several organizations dedicated to the preservation of world heritage, including the International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS) and UNESCO.
Cultural Landscapes: Nature And Heritage Interwoven
In this engaging interview, Leanne shares her passion for the cultural landscape and her motivation to understand the many intertwined aspects of ‘heritage’. He explains how World Heritage organizations identify and categorize sites, and provides a bird’s-eye view of the significance of his fieldwork at several sites, including the Royal Irish site, Al Ain in the United Arab Emirates, and the American Lake District. Leanna also provides an overview of the multi-agency World Heritage project Bridging Practice, which brings together different disciplines in a heritage integration approach. One of these areas that Leanna delves into is the spiritual nature of the cultural landscape, which has a personal meaning that goes back to her childhood.
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If you’re a student of the cultural landscape and our human experience, I know you’ll enjoy Leanna’s reflections!
Meg: You have a passion for history and heritage and are currently a World Heritage Candidate at University College Dublin. How do you define “heritage,” and how has your definition changed as your research progressed?
Leanna: When I was young, heritage was synonymous with history. When I travel to other countries with my family, we not only visit historical monuments and sites, but also experience the intangible elements of a culture, such as food, traditions, crafts, and artwork.
Then when I started working on my master’s thesis and taking a course in heritage studies, I was introduced to a number of specific and separate definitions related to cultural, natural, hybrid, authentic, tangible, intangible, underwater and others. . My subsequent work with ICOMOS has led to a clearer understanding of heritage, which is not just about definitions and concepts, but about what the term really “connects”.
Forest Hills Cemetery
Whether it is the heritage of an individual or community, the heritage of a country or region, or the connection between history and identity, these ideas are all part of heritage. The interrelationship between culture and nature, for example, is a focus of my PhD work and work with ICOMOS, which has recently been coming to the forefront of heritage debates, where there is a link between ‘universal’ governance and nature, culture and social values. Being recognized as an integral part of the whole.
There are many different aspects of heritage – connection to cultural landscape, connection to people, connection to nature, spiritual and/or religious connection, connection to identity, etc. So for me, heritage now comes together and is created. An integrated community.
Meg: You have a particular interest in the ‘cultural landscape’. How would you define that, and can you give a few examples of places that are particularly meaningful to you, and share why?
Leanna: The cultural landscape is an interconnected place. They are interconnected sites that include all aspects of nature and culture in a landscape, as well as all tangible and intangible aspects, including the social elements of the people who live there. They include identity, history, worldview and resource management, and are vital to the world’s biological and cultural diversity.
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I have always been interested in the stories and legends of different countries and cultures. My MSc at UCD focused on the intangible heritage of the Royal Irish Estates (Ireland’s provisional nomination sites covering 6 different ancient sites around Ireland) and the legends attached to the lands and monuments in these sites. This research made me realize that all kinds of intangible heritage elements need to be interpreted in terms of their settings (and vice versa!) in order to have meaning and historical significance.
This has further strengthened my focus on cultural, cultural and social heritage values/quality concepts and their conceptualisations through my work with the ICOMOS/IUCN Linked Practice project. Interconnection is the foundation of better management practices. The third phase of this project influenced my doctoral research on cultural landscapes, which focused on the importance of traditional knowledge and biocultural practices in maintaining the continuity of sites.
Owenaghat Cave (also known as “Cats’ Cave”) in County Roscommon, Ireland, which is believed to be the gateway to another word. The cave is part of an archaeological complex at Rathcrogan, one of Ireland’s oldest royal sites, believed to be the royal palace of Medbh, warrior queen of Connacht. There are many historical and mythological connections to this site
Cultural landscapes that have been particularly meaningful or influential to me begin with growing up in Canada, and learning about the importance of people and their landscapes, from Aboriginal people to Quebec culture to East Coast traditions, influenced me at a young age. Many of Ireland’s landscapes, particularly royal sites, have had a profound influence on my understanding of history and heritage – the links between the ancient texts, myths and legends associated with these landscapes, and the specific physical elements that can be seen today. Cultural landscape and people. I was both impressed and intrigued by this continuity and longevity, which fueled my desire to look at other aspects of this continuity.
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One of the most impactful cultural experiences in my heritage work was my visit to Al Ain in the United Arab Emirates in 2018, where I was completing fieldwork for the Connecting Practices project with several other heritage colleagues. The landscape consists of palm groves, irrigation systems, desert landscapes, and archeological sites that clearly show how humans can adapt and thrive in harsh environments by creating something sustainable and life-giving. This has had a profound impact on my understanding of cultural landscapes, particularly in speaking with local managers and agencies about the importance of these areas for local life, biological heritage and cultural value.
Another site that has special meaning for me is the English Lake District World Heritage Site. This is my first field research for my PhD in early 2020, and interviews with stakeholders and local people and community groups have helped me better understand the important interrelationships between cultural, natural and social values. In particular, this visit showed me the importance of sustainable practices to preserve this cultural landscape, and that the best people to continue making these landscapes sustainable are the local fallen farmers who are the custodians of the traditional knowledge of the landscape.
An English Lake District World Heritage Site, farmers’ fields here stretch from the water to the hillsides and up into the valleys. This place is also known as the destination for leisure travel!
There are many other cultural sights and places that have influenced me, but these are some of the highlights!
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Meg: Your work looks at the intersection of cultural, natural and spiritual values. Can you share what inspired your interest? Are there specific professional experiences that inspired this POV?
Leanna: Looking back, I’ve always been interested in intangible heritage since I was a child. My favorite part of traveling through a country and its sights with my family was the stories associated with it. I used to collect folktales and folktales from different countries we visited and read them while traveling, which really helped me visualize the myths and legends associated with the cultural landscape. So this may be my first experience with intangible heritage in terms of a “spiritual” connection.
Then at university, I took a summer course in Caherconnell, Ireland, which focused on cultural aspects through archaeological digs, but was directly connected to the culture and stories associated with the site. I also spent the summer working with rock art on the island of Bornholm in Denmark and taking a field course in Tanum, Sweden, in both cases where the cultural creation of rock art was interwoven into the natural landscape.
All of these experiences contributed to my focus on the intangible values attached to royal sites for my master’s thesis. Irish royal sites are so steeped in history and myth that you can’t really separate the landscape from the people and the legends and stories associated with the landscape.
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Leanna: Cultural and
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